CMOS

A metasurface whose optical properties change in response to electricity provides precise control over the reflection and transmission of radiation

Combining silicon with an optically active material enables tiny lasers compatible with industrial fabrication techniques

Innovative electrodes allow new computer memory technologies to be compatible with existing circuitry

A tiny generator built from silicon nanowires can harness energy from the surplus heat produced in electronic circuits

Thermoelectric generators made using modern micromachining technology can convert waste heat into microwatts of electrical power